In Burundi, the management of Protected Areas (PAs) encounters complex impasses of various origins, the result of which is the degradation of biodiversity. Among these impasses is the lack of involvement of local populations in nature conservation and the lack of policy on incentives to support the conservation of biodiversity and, if necessary, their sustainable use for survival and development needs.

Thus, through the Country Action Support Project for the implementation of the Programme of Work on Protected Areas of the Convention on Biological Diversity (POWPA/UNDP-GEF), Burundi has set out to develop incentives to ensure the engagement of coastal communities and other stakeholders in the management of protected areas.

The present study is a second stage of the project that aims to identify and establish possible incentives that support the integrity and maintenance of protected areas in order to adopt participatory, incentive and effective mechanisms for their management.