This study was carried out in natural ecosystems and their coastal agricultural environments, namely the vegetation of Rusizi, the peri-Guinean forest of Kigwena, the mountain forest of Kibira, the savannas of the Ruvubu National Park. The study was also carried out in the agroecosystems of the central plateaus including crop environments, Eucalyptus afforestation and fallow land. The xylocopes were collected over three periods, from 2009 to 2013, using the entomological net on flowers and the Malaise trap that was installed in the various ecosystems explored. Analysis of the abundance and distribution of the xylocopes collected was carried out. Specific wealth has been evaluated. The Margalef diversity index and the Sørensen similarity index were calculated.

The analysis also focused on the relationship between host plant species and xylocope species. Finally, phenological analysis concerned the temporal distribution of xylocopes during the year.