This study shows the potential negative effects that the urbanization of the city of Rumonge can have on the management of the Nkayamba Forest Nature Reserve. The results of surveys, literature and field visits have shown that forest products from this reserve are sought after for a variety of uses. However, this reserve is subject to vulnerability factors that lead to its degradation. The result is ultimately an amplification of the phenomenon of erosion, a modification of the specific composition and shape of the Reserve by the fragmentation of its boundaries.