In Burundi, protected areas continue to be threatened. As a result, biodiversity is degraded through the loss of ecosystems and species, and therefore of associated ecosystem services. The objective of the present study is to examine the extent to which the main stakeholders in the conservation of protected areas in Burundi perceive the various ecosystem services provided and to assess the use of species in these protected areas by the local population. The data were collected by means of a qualitative survey among managers of protected areas in Burundi, representatives of the administration (communal and hilly) and populations living near these protected areas. These data were subjected to the calculation of proportions for comparative analyses of the perceptions of the different categories of respondents according to the different ecosystem services. The results showed that all categories of respondents identify the existence of four types of ecosystem services (supply, regulation, support and socio-cultural) provided by Burundian protected areas although the answers varied from one category to another. The results also showed the illicit use of both plant and animal species by local populations. Awareness-raising initiatives for all conservation stakeholders (especially coastal populations) remain essential for the sustainability of these ecosystem services.