Sericostachys scandens, an invasive liana, represents a threat to biological diversity. The objective of the present study is to evaluate the effect of gaps, altitude and slope on the abundance of S. scandens in the Kibira National Park in Burundi; and the influence of this liana on the floristic composition of herbaceous plants. The abundance of S. scandens and herbaceous plants was measured in 50 holes and 50 control plots under forest cover and subjected to negative binomial regression and multivariate analysis of variance on a dissimilarity matrix. The size of the holes has a positive effect on the abundance of S. scandens (z = 4.99; p < 0.0001) while the altitude has a negative effect (z = -12.63; p < 0.0001). The invasion of forest stations by S. scandens changes the herbaceous flora composition (p= 0.01). The PNK surveillance strategy should strengthen patrols to limit the creation of man-made holes