The creation of a protected area in the Malagarazi landscape is faced with socio-economic constraints that force it to be limited to priority areas. The objective of the present study is to analyze the composition and plant diversity of the landscape taking into account the strong spatial heterogeneity of environmental conditions and disturbances. The study involves identifying plant groups and comparing them using taxonomic descriptors (species richness, diversity indices, similarity coefficients) and non-taxonomic descriptors (functional types, number of endangered or priority species for conservation) descriptors. The results attest to the existence of three different groups of species whose analysis reveals differences in environmental conditions and the extent of disturbances. The proportions of species threatened or priority for conservation are high and observed at the level of the three groups identified. The identification of these environments and the ecological characteristics that influence their composition and diversity is an important element in choosing representative areas to be placed under protection status.