As part of the research program, information exchange, awareness raising and conservation of biodiversity in Burundi, a research project entitled “Study of the interrelationships between Syrphidae (insects: Diptera) and forest and agricultural ecosystems in Burundi” was initiated. This project aims to inventory and identify Syrphidae species and their host plants in natural and agricultural ecosystems in Burundi in order to establish a list of Syrphidae in Burundi. In addition, based on the data obtained, a correlation between the diversity of Syrphidae and the state of natural ecosystems will be established. This will allow us, in the long term, to improve taxonomic knowledge on this group, which will make it possible to identify factors that could be responsible for the general decline in agricultural production in Burundi and to highlight factors that could increase the diversity and abundance of pollinators in the agricultural landscape of Burundi.