During the course of creation of protected areas in Burundi by Decree-Law No. 1/6 of 3 March 1980 creating National Parks and Natural Reserves, only the Lake Rwihinda Managed Reserve was concerned. The creation of this Lake Rwihinda Managed Reserve was based on the bird population that earned this lake the name “Bird Lake”. However, such a reserve of about 425 ha, essentially consisting of a sheet of water, was very far from representing the Bugesera region, which was rich in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems of paramount importance. It is on the basis of this low representativeness noted in 1993 by the former Minister of Land Use and Environment, that there was a suggestion to protect the Murehe forest. However, this idea was not effectively implemented because the INECN (then managing institution) assigned only one forest ranger to monitor what arbitrarily called it “Murehe Reserve” at the time, estimated at more than 6000 ha. This study document provides practical guidelines for the creation of a Protected Aquatic Landscape and a Murehe Integral Nature Reserve in Bugesera. It cannot therefore be considered as a plan for the management and development of these environments to be defended.