Mercury is currently a pollutant with negative impacts on the global environment and human health. To address this problem, the international community in general and Burundi in particular developed and signed the Minamata Convention on Mercury. It was signed by Burundi in April 2014. For this reason, the Country has benefited from the Project for the development of the initial assessment of the Minamata Convention on Mercury (MIA III) financed by the Global Environment Facility (GEF) for the development of the basic tools that will allow the management of Mercury at the national level.