The Strategic Plan for Development and Capacity Building is a document that was developed to operationalize the 2013-2020 National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan by indicating the strategies and actions required in terms of capacity building for the achievement of national priorities for the conservation of biodiversity. However, it should be noted that the proposed strategies and required actions need to be updated to meet current capacity building needs to implement the biodiversity strategy and action plan. Thus, the present study aimed at identifying capacity building needs to implement the National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan was conducted. It was initiated as part of the program of research, information exchange, awareness-raising and conservation of biodiversity in Burundi established between the Burundian Office for Environmental Protection (OBPE) and the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences (IRSNB). The identification of these needs will make it possible to distinguish individual, institutional and systemic capacities to better manage biodiversity in order to preserve them for the well-being of communities.