Under this program, the World Bank is providing financial support to the Government of Burundi for the implementation of the Burundi Landscape Restoration and Resilience Project (PRRPB). The Project Development Objective is to restore land productivity in the targeted degraded landscapes and, in the event of an eligible crisis or emergency, to provide an immediate and effective response to said eligible crisis or emergency.

The PRRPB will be carried out through five (5) components: (i) Institutional development and capacity building for landscape restoration and resilience at national and watershed levels; (ii)

Improvement of sustainable landscape management practices; (iii) Improvement of the management of protected areas and reserves; (iv) Rapid response component in case of emergency and (v) Project management, coordination and monitoring.

The PRRPB will pilot the restoration of the landscape in the province of Bujumbura (commune of Isare) and in the province of Muyinga (municipality of Buhinyuza) on a total of 22 census hills including 10 hills in the commune Isare (Benga, Karunga, Kwigere, Kwigere, Kwigere, Kwigere, Nyambuye, Gishingano, Nyakiande, Rushubi, Caranka,

Bibare and Rutegama) and 12 hills in Buhinyuza commune (Karongwe, Ntobwe, Gitaramuka, Gasave, Kiyange, Bugungu, Muramba, Muramba, Bunywana, Bunywana, Nyarunazi, Kibimba, Karehe and Nyaruhengeri). Landscape restoration involves the adoption of appropriate techniques that consist of the development of progressive terraces, radical terraces, agroforestry, soil bioengineering, and water harvesting or harvesting.

To mitigate the environmental and social risks or impacts of the project, an Environmental and Social Management Framework (CGES) has been developed and provides the basic criteria, guidelines and procedures for framing all interventions. It also includes social and environmental clause/guidelines for entrepreneurs and an environmental and social checklist.

To do this, an environmental and social impact study was requested in the two intervention areas, to identify and assess the resulting impacts in order to recommend measures to avoid, mitigate, eliminate, replace negative socio-environmental impacts and to improve or reinforce positive impacts.

It is in this context that the PRRPB recruited a local individual consultant to produce a study identifying the various environmental and social impacts (positive and negative), as well as the measures to be taken to avoid, mitigate, remove and/or improve these negative or positive impacts identified before, during and after the implementation of landscape restoration and resilience activities in the two rural sites concerned. It is within this framework that this report has been prepared.