This Second National Communication follows the National Adaptation Plan (PANA) published in 2007. In addition to the Second Greenhouse Gas Inventory, it covers measures to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions and measures to adapt to climate change that Burundi has already initiated and those that have not yet been initiated, which await external support for their implementation; the country has other challenges it faces for its socio-economic development in terms of health, food security, sustainable peace and education.